Pakistan ki maeeshat (economy) is waqt ek sangeen challenge se dochar hai, aur iska bojh ab har aam shehri (citizen) ke kandhon par wazeh taur par mehsoos kiya ja sakta hai. Ek maashi think tank, “Economic Policy and Business Development”, ki taraf se jari ki gayi ek taza tareen report ne khatray ki ghanti baja di hai. Report ke mutabiq, Pakistan par qarz is had tak barh gaya hai ke mulk ka har shehri, bacha, bara, مرد (man) aur aurat, 318,252 rupaye ka maqrooz (indebted) ho chuka hai. Yeh adad-o-shumar (statistics) na sirf pareshan kun hain, balke yeh mulk ke maashi mustaqbil par ek bara sawaliya nishan bhi hain.
The Alarming Numbers (Khatray Ki Ghanti Bajatay Adad-o-Shumar)
Is report mein paish kiye gaye adad-o-shumar soorat-e-haal ki sangeeni ko saaf zahir karte hain:
- Har Pakistani Kitna Maqrooz Hai?: Aaj har shehri par 318,252 rupaye ka qarz hai, jabke sirf 10 saal pehle yeh raqam 90,047 rupaye thi. Is arsay mein har shehri par qarz ka bojh do guna se bhi zayed barh chuka hai.
- Qarz Barhnay Ki Sharah: Pakistan ke qarz mein salana ausatan (average) 13% ka izafa ho raha hai.
- Khittai Muwazna (Regional Comparison): Pakistan ka qarz uski maeeshat ke 70.2% ke barabar ho chuka hai, jo khittay ke deegar mumalik, jese ke India (57.1%) aur Bangladesh (36.4%), se kahin zyada hai.
Caught in the Debt Trap (Qarz Ke Jaal Mein Phans Gaya)
Report ke mutabiq, Pakistan debt trap mein kaise phansa hai iski sab se bari wajah buland sharah-e-sood (high interest rates) hain. Hukumat ko apne puranay qarzon par sood (interest) adaa karne ke liye mazeed naye qarzay lenay par rahe hain. Is soorat-e-haal ko “debt trap” ya qarz ka jaal kehte hain. Is waqt, qarzon par sood ki ad ادائیگی (payment) maeeshat ke 7.7% tak pohanch gayi hai. 2020 se ab tak rupay ki qadar (value) mein 71% kami ki wajah se, berooni (external) qarzay Pakistani currency mein 88% tak barh gaye hain.
The Real-World Impact (Haqeeqi Zindagi Par Asraat)
Jab hukumat ki aamdani ka bara hissa sirf qarzon aur sood ki ad ادائیگی mein chala jaata hai, to iska seedha asar aam awam par parta hai. Hukumat ke paas taraqqiyati ikhrajat (developmental expenditures) ke liye mali gunjaish (fiscal space) na honay ke barabar reh gayi hai. Iska matlab hai:
- Naye schools, hospitals, sarkein, aur buniyadi dhanchay (infrastructure) ke mansoobon ke liye paisa nahi hai.
- Hukumat apne ikhrajat pooray karne ke liye pehle se bojh talay dabے (burdened) awam par mazeed taxes laganay par majboor ho jaati hai.
The Way Out: A Proposed Solution (Nikalne Ka Raasta: Ek Tajweez-shuda Hal)
Think tank ne is bohran (crisis) se nikalne ke liye chand ahem tajaveez (suggestions) di hain. Unke mutabiq, pehle se tax denay walon par mazeed bojh daalna hal nahi hai. Asal hal yeh hai:
- Tax Net Ko Wasee Karna: Naye logon ko tax net mein laya jaye.
- Sharah-e-Sood Mein Kami: Sab se ahem tajweez yeh hai ke policy rate (sharah-e-sood) ko 11% se ghata kar 9% kiya jaye. Is ek qadam se hukumat ke qarzon par sood ki laagat (cost) mein 12 kharab (1.2 trillion) rupaye ki kami aa sakti hai. Is se na sirf hukumat ko sahulat milegi, balke karobar bhi zyada مسابقتی (competitive) honge.
Report mein wazeh tor par kaha gaya hai ke agar fori taur par maali nazm-o-zabt (fiscal discipline) nahi apnaya gaya, to mulk ko mazeed sangeen bohran ka samna karna par sakta hai.
